Development of a flow method for the determination of phosphate in estuarine and freshwaters—Comparison of flow cells in spectrophotometric sequential injection analysis |
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| Authors: | Raquel BR Mesquita M Teresa SOB Ferreira Ildikó V Tóth Adriano A Bordalo Ian D McKelvie António OSS Rangel |
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| Institution: | aCBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;bLaboratory of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Institute of Marine Research (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Lg. Abel Salazar 2, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal;cREQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal;dSchool of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia |
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| Abstract: | A sequential injection system with dual analytical line was developed and applied in the comparison of two different detection systems viz; a conventional spectrophotometer with a commercial flow cell, and a multi-reflective flow cell coupled with a photometric detector under the same experimental conditions. The study was based on the spectrophotometric determination of phosphate using the molybdenum-blue chemistry. The two alternative flow cells were compared in terms of their response to variation of sample salinity, susceptibility to interferences and to refractive index changes. The developed method was applied to the determination of phosphate in natural waters (estuarine, river, well and ground waters). The achieved detection limit (0.007 μM PO43−) is consistent with the requirement of the target water samples, and a wide quantification range (0.024–9.5 μM) was achieved using both detection systems. |
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| Keywords: | Sequential injection Phosphate determination Estuarine and river water Spectrophotometry Multi-reflective flow cell |
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