浅析有机化学反应机理的教与学

有机化学的基本理论和反应机理是有机化学的核心内容。反应机理的教与学是有机化学教学过程中的难点,一直困扰着教师和学生。笔者采用了"教师引导–学生练习–学生综合讲解"三段式的反应机理教学方式。首先是教师引导:教师结合国内外教材和文献,先讲授基本理论,再详细讲解反应机理;接着是学生练习:教师根据教学进度布置习题让学生练习,然后结合前后相关的反应机理,组装成比较复杂的多步反应,要求学生根据机理推导反应产物;最后是学生综合讲解:给每个学生分配一个反应,要求围绕该反应,通过查阅文献和资料,整理好素材,在课堂上讲解展示反馈,教师据此进行补充和修改。经过实践证明,该方式便于学生理解有机化学反应机理,从而达到事半功倍的教学效果。

Studies on Teaching and Learning of Organic Reaction Mechanism

The core teaching content of organic chemistry is the basic theory and reaction mechanism. The difficulty of organic chemistry teaching is the teaching and learning of reaction mechanism, which has always puzzled teachers and students, respectively. The author adopted the three-stage method "teacher's guidance/student's practice/student's comprehensive explanation" in reaction mechanism teaching and learning. Firstly, teacher explains the basic theories followed by the reaction mechanism according to the books and literatures from all over the world. Secondly, let students do some exercises. The teacher arranges basic exercises for the students according to the teaching schedule. Then combine the relevant reaction mechanism, assemble the complex multi-step reaction, and ask students to deduce the reaction products according to the mechanism. Afterwards, the student must give a lecture one by one focusing on one reaction after systematically consulted the literature and materials, organized the materials to all the students and teachers respectively. After the lecture, the teacher supplemented and modified the content the student explained. It has been proved by practice that this method is convenient for students to understand the organic reaction mechanism twice the result with half the effort.