不同形貌和尺寸的锂离子电池SnS负极材料

通过高能球磨、微波辅助合成和化学合成方法制备不同形貌和不同尺寸的SnS材料. 运用X射线衍射和透射电镜对其结构和形貌进行分析. 在透射电镜下观察发现, 所得SnS材料呈现出纳米颗粒、层片和纳米棒状. 电化学测试结果表明, 高能球磨和化学合成(无表面活性剂加入)得到的SnS材料有较好的电化学性能, 在循环40个周期后仍分别有375和414 mAh·g-1 的电化学容量. 纳米级SnS电极材料良好的电化学性能有赖于其紧凑的纳米结构, 一定的形貌及合适的尺寸. 尽管非活性相Li2S可以帮助维持SnS电极在充放电过程中的稳定结构, 但SnS的形貌及尺寸才是获得良好电化学性能的SnS电极的关键因素.

SnS with Various Morphologies and Sizes as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

SnS materials with differentmorphologies and sizeswere synthesized by ball milling,microwave-assisted, and chemical methods. Structures and morphologies of the as-prepared SnS were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The as-prepared SnS had different morphologies including nanoparticles, flakes, and nanorods. All prepared SnS samples were investigated electrochemically as electrodes for lithium ion batteries. SnS nanoparticles prepared by ball milling and chemical method without surfactant had superior electrochemical performance and had remaining capacities of 375 and 414 mAh·g-1 after 40 cycles. Compact nanostructure, morphology, and size were responsible for excellent electrochemical performances of nanoscale SnS. The inactive Li2S phase probably helped to maintain a stable electrode structure during the discharge-charge process, but the morphology and size of SnS were the key factors in obtaining an outstanding SnS anode.