基于先导发展模型的舰艇避雷防护评估仿真

基于先导发展模型实现了海域上地闪先导2维数值放电模拟，完成了海域上地闪先导放电通道过程的图样采集。通过建立二维舰船模型，并根据相关标准对舰船模型进行避雷针的数量、高度、位置设定，对此模型进行雷电先导放电数值试验。经大量试验统计分析，舰船采用单根避雷针设计方案时，避雷针的高度较高，使得接闪概率明显增大，但在避雷针周围取得了较理想的防护效果；与单根设计方案相比，双根避雷针设计使得舰船整体结构高度降低，总的接闪次数有所减少，防护效果更佳。该评估方法可与长间隙放电试验和雷电观测互为补充，进一步完善了水面舰艇避雷系统防护评估检验技术，为舰艇的雷电防护提供理论基础。

Lightning protection evaluation technology of surface ship based on leader progression model

The high resolution simulation of cloud-to-ground lightning leaders on sea surface is presented based on two-dimensional leader progression model, and the fine image of the development process of the lightning leader is acquired. Through the establishment of two-dimensional model of ship, and according to the related standards of ship, the number and height and position of lightning rod are determined, and their lightning protection area is evaluated using proposed method. The test data show that when the ship adopts the single lightning rod protection, the probability of lightning strike is obviously increased, and the protection effect is better in the vicinity of the lightning rod. Compared with the single rod scheme, when the ship adopts double lightning rod protection the overall structure height of the ship is reduced, total number of lightning flashes on the ship will be reduced, and the protective effect will be better. With the development of long air gap discharge test and lightning observation, the protection analysis method will be more thorough and accurate.