聚苯乙烯/纳米铝复合材料的流变特性及纺丝研究

为有效制得Z箍缩氘代聚苯乙烯/纳米铝(DPS/AlNPs)导电丝阵材料，采用PS中掺入AlNPs制备PS/AlNPs复合材料纤维进行模拟研究。研究了温度及剪切速率等因素对PS/AlNPs复合材料流变性能的影响、复合材料熔体的结构变化及流动状态与可纺性能的关系，以及PS/AlNPs纤维的形貌、热稳定性能和力学性能。结果表明:PS/AlNPs熔体属于典型剪切变稀型非牛顿流体，熔体的表观粘度与温度呈现负相关，240~260 ℃时复合材料的非牛顿指数介于0.462~0.546，结构黏度系数介于1.8~2.1，黏流活化能介于77.2~104.6 kJ·mol-1，具有良好的可纺性。PS/AlNPs纤维表面光滑，对AlNPs粒子包覆良好且对其抗氧化非常有利，其中当AlNPs质量分数为1%时纤维的断裂伸长率突出、掺量为5%时其断裂强度较高。

Rheological and spinning properties of polystyrene/nano aluminum composites

PS/AlNPs composite fibers were prepared by adding AlNPs into PS to finish the simulation study of conductive matrix materials for Z-pinch: deuterated polystyrene/nano-aluminum (DPS/AlNPs). The effects of temperature and shear rate on the rheological properties, the relationship between the structural changes, the flow condition of composites melt and the properties of PS/AlNPs, as well as the morphology, thermal stability and mechanical properties of PS/AlNPs fiber were investigated. The results show that the PS/AlNPs melt is a typical shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid, and the apparent viscosity of the melt is negatively correlated with the temperature. The composite possesses non-Newtonian index of between 0.462 and 0.546 at 240-260 ℃, the coefficient of viscosity of about 1.8 to 2.1, and the activation energy of viscous flow sitting between 77.2 and 104.6 kJ mol-1, showing its good spinnability. The PS shows its ability to coat AlNPs very well and prohibits the AlNPs being oxided, giving birth to a PS/AlNPs fiber possessing smooth surface. The fiber has the biggest elongation at break and the highest breaking strength when the content of AlNPs is 1% and 5%, respectively.