有机空穴传输材料在钙钛矿太阳电池中的应用

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳电池(PSCs)由于其诸多优点得到广泛关注,而有机固态空穴传输材料(HTMs)代替液体电解质使其得到飞速的发展,提升了电池的效率和稳定性,已经成为PSCs的重要组成部分。目前应用于PSCs的空穴传输材料分为有机空穴传输材料和无机空穴传输材料两大类。无机空穴传输材料的可选择范围较窄,对应器件的光电转换效率相对较低。开发各类能级匹配、空穴迁移率高的有机空穴传输材料是提高器件效率和稳定性的有效手段,成为相关领域的研究热点。本文依据相对分子质量的大小,将应用于PSCs中的有机空穴传输材料分为小分子类和聚合物类空穴传输材料,详细评述了有机空穴传输材料分子结构对PSCs光电转换效率、填充因子、开路电压、短路电流和稳定性的影响,并对其能级、空穴迁移率的高低、添加剂的使用等进行了讨论。最后详细论述了有机空穴传输材料未来的研究重点和发展趋势。

Application of Organic Hole-Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing attention because of their desirable properties.A key advance has been the replacement of the liquid electrolytes by solid-state hole-transporting materials (HTMs), which not only improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) but also enhances the cell stability.HTMs are now an integral part of PSCs.Both organic and inorganic HTMs have found application in PSCs.However, inorganic HTMs are hampered by the limited choice of materials and the relatively low PCE of the solar cells based on them.The development of new organic HTMs is therefore necessary to improve the PCE and stability of PSCs.This has become a focus of various research fields, and new HTMs continue to emerge in large numbers.In this paper, we give an overview of the use of organic HTMs in PSCs. According to their molecular weight, organic HTMs are classified as either molecular or polymeric.We discuss in detail the effects of the functional groups and structures of organic HTMs on the PCE, fill factor, open circuit voltage, and stability of the resulting PSCs, as developed in recent years.The paper also covers the highest occupied molecular orbitals, the hole mobility, and the use of additives in HTMs.Finally, forecasts of the future development of organic HTMs are reviewed.