The Evaluation of Noninvasive Measurements of Erythema as a Potential Surrogate for DNA Damage in Repetitively UV‐exposed Human Skin |
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| Authors: | Sharon A. Miller Sergio G. Coelho Yuji Yamaguchi Vincent J. Hearing Janusz Z. Beer Frank de Gruijl |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD;2. Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD;3. Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Erythema (i.e. visible redness) and DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in human skin have similar action spectra and show good correlation after a single exposure to UVR. We explored the potential to use instrumental assessments of erythema as a surrogate for DNA damage after repeated exposures to UVR. We exposed 40 human subjects to three different exposure schedules using two different UVR sources. Cyclobutane‐pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in skin biopsies were measured by immunofluorescence, and erythema was assessed by both the Erythemal Index (EI) and the Oxy‐hemoglobin (Oxy‐Hb) content. Surprisingly, the skin with the highest cumulative dose ended up with the lowest level of DNA damage, and with the least erythema, as assessed by Oxy‐Hb (but not EI) 24 h after the last UV exposure. Although the level of CPDs, on average, paralleled Oxy‐Hb (R2 = 0.80–0.94, P = 0.03–0.11), the correlation did not hold for the pooled individual measurements (R2 = 0.009, P = 0.37) due to potential individual differences in UV‐induced photoadaptation. We suggest that the methodology may be optimized to improve the correlation between DNA damage level and erythema to enable noninvasive risk assessment based on erythema/Oxy‐Hb content for individual human subjects. |
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