Natural resins and balsams from an eighteenth-century pharmaceutical collection analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
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Authors: | Steigenberger Gundel Herm Christoph |
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Institution: | (1) Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;(2) Laboratory of Archaeometry, Academy of Fine Arts Dresden, G?ntzstra?e 34, 01307 Dresden, Germany |
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Abstract: | Historical nomenclature has not always been unequivocally associated with the botanical origin of natural resins. The availability
of natural resins has changed throughout the centuries and so have their trade names. Furthermore, adulterations and lack
of knowledge have led to variations in the composition of the products traded under the same name. This investigation aims
at a new understanding of the interrelation between the historical and modern terms for natural resins. Different Pinaceae
and Pistacia resins, mastic, sandarac, copaiba balm and burgundy pitch from Vigani’s Cabinet, a 300-year-old pharmaceutical collection
owned by Queens’ College, Cambridge (UK) were investigated. Related reference materials from modern collections were analysed
together with natural resins derived from reliable botanical sources. The analytical method was gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) with and without derivatisation with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide. This technique provided detailed molecular compositions
of the studied materials, which in turn led to particular data profiles of the materials. Marker molecules of Copaifera, Pinaceae, Cupressaceae and Pistacia resins were identified. By comparing the GC-MS data profiles to the reference samples, a clearer picture of the connection
between nomenclature and botanical origin was obtained. With the aid of the marker molecules and data profiles, it was then
possible to clarify the nomenclature of the aged resins sampled from Vigani’s Cabinet. |
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