不同燃料循环方案的可持续性与经济性分析

基于核燃料循环政策技术的成熟度，选取了一次通过循环方案(OTC)、单次复用循环方案(TTC)、快堆闭式循环方案(FRC)及混合堆闭式循环方案(HRC)四种典型的核燃料循环方案进行分析。采用平衡物质流模型对不同燃料循环方案的可持续性进行研究，基于平准化电力成本计算方法对不同方案的燃料成本和乏燃料处置成本进行分析。研究结果表明:闭式燃料循环可极大减少核废料产生; 燃料可自持的FRC方案及HRC方案可使用贫铀做燃料而不消耗天然铀; 仅考虑燃料成本和乏燃料处置成本时，HRC方案的经济性最高而TTC方案的经济性最差。

Sustainability and economy analysis of different fuel cycle options

Based on the technology maturity, four typical nuclear fuel cycle options, namely, OTC, TTC, FRC and HRC, were selected for analysis. The sustainability of different fuel cycle options was studied using the balanced mass flow model, and the fuel cost and spent fuel disposal cost of different options were evaluated based on levelized cost of electricity calculation method. The results show that closed fuel cycle can greatly reduce the production of nuclear waste. And the FRC option with fuel self-supporting as well as the HRC option can use depleted uranium without consuming natural uranium. Besides, the HRC option is the most economical while the TTC option is the worst, considering only fuel cost and spent fuel disposal cost.