非平衡态相变的两例——光学参量振荡和激光

本文就光学参量振荡和激光两个物理问题,讨论了非平衡态相变过程的动力特点。相变点是由稳定结点状态突变到鞍点时的转变点。说明了涨落和耗散在相变中所起的作用,得到第二类相变的临界指数(β=1/2,γ=1)。关键词：

TWO EXAMPLES OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM PHASE TRANSITION -OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATION AND LASER

In this article, dynamical features of non - equilibrium phase transitions are dis-cussed, taking the physical problems of OPO and laser processes as two examples. The phase transition point is found to be the point of sudden change from a stable nodal point to a saddle point. The role of fluctuations and dissipations in such phase transi-tions is elucidated, and critical exponents analogous to those in the second order phase transition are found (β = 1/2, γ = 1).