Near-infrared (NIR) to red and green up-conversion emission from silica sol-gel thin films made with La(0.45)Yb(0.50)Er(0.05)F(3) nanoparticles, hetero-looping-enhanced energy transfer (Hetero-LEET): a new up-conversion process |
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Authors: | Sivakumar Sri van Veggel Frank C J M May P Stanley |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. |
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Abstract: | Bright green and red luminescence has been generated with a 980 nm diode laser from silica sol-gel thin films made with La0.45Yb0.50Er0.05F3 nanoparticles through a newly described hetero-looping-enhanced energy-transfer (hetero-LEET) up-conversion process, which exhibits a power dependence similar to that of a photon avalanche (PA). The hetero-LEET mechanism is potentially more efficient than PA, ground-state absorption/excited-state absorption (GSA/ESA), and energy-transfer (ETU) mechanisms because it combines resonant ground-state absorption with a looping or feedback process. |
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