用ATRP法和RAFT法制备线形嵌段共聚物

嵌段共聚物是将不同性质的聚合物连接在同一分子内，表现出特殊的性质，受到高分子科学家及工业部门的广泛关注。本文简要介绍了嵌段共聚物的结构、性能以及可能的应用。它有多种制备方法，这里着重介绍近年来通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)和可逆加成-裂解链转移(RAFT)法制备嵌段共聚物的研究现状和进展情况。对于加料顺序、大分子引发剂末端基团、单体的反应活性以及大分子引发剂的引发效率、配体种类、大分子链转移剂的链转移常数等对嵌段共聚反应的影响也进行了讨论。

Synthesis of Linear Block Copolymers by ATRP and RAFT Method

Two or more distinctive polymer chains are connected in one macromolecular chain to form block copolymers.Their excellent properties attract intense commercial and academic interests.This article introduces briefly the structures and properties of block copolymers.In the several different approaches of synthesizing block copolymers,we primarily summarize the recent progress in the research and development on the preparation of block copolymers by atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) and reversible addition\|fragmentation transfer(RAFT).The effects of sequence of the monomer addition,the end group of macroinitiator,monomer reactivity,the initiation efficiency of the macroinitiator,ligand and transfer constant of macro\|transfer agent on block copolymerization are also discussed.