金属单原子催化剂在电催化二氧化碳和水裂解的研究进展

利用电催化技术开发新型能源,是替代传统能源的一种新策略,大量使用化石燃料导致的环境问题有望会通过此技术的发展而得到良好解决,设计并制备出高效稳定的电催化剂对于新型能源技术开发应用至关重要.单原子催化剂(SACs)在载体上具有原子分布的活性位点,是催化领域的新兴材料,具有美好的应用前景,现已成为电催化领域的研究热点.在此综述中,详细阐述了单原子电催化剂的一般载体、制备方法及其先进表征方法,系统总结了单原子电催化剂在能量转化和环境保护(CO₂还原、水裂解)方面的应用.同时,基于各种单原子催化剂研究的最新进展,简单阐述了催化机制,讨论了单原子催化剂在电催化方向的发展挑战和前景,希望为单原子电催化剂的合成、设计和应用提供经验,以更好地促进电催化能量转换方面的发展.

Recent research progress of metal single-atom catalysts in the direction of electroreduction of carbon dioxide and water splitting

The development of new energy sources using electrocatalytic technologies is a new strategy that can replace conventional energy sources, thus further addressing the massive use of fossil fuels and the associated environmental problems. Thus searching for stable and efficient electrocatalysts is crucial for the diffusion of these technologies. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with distributed atomic active sites on a vector are novel materials in the field of catalysis with promising applications and have now become a research niche in electrocatalysis. The current review describes the general carriers, preparation methods of single-atom electrocatalysts, and their advanced characterization methods in detail. The single-atom electrocatalysts for energy transformation and environmental protection (CO2 reduction, water splitting) applications are also comprehensively summarized systematically. We briefly describe the catalytic mechanism based on the recent progress of various single-atom catalyst studies. And finally, in discussing the challenges and prospects for developing single-atom catalysts in the direction of electrocatalysis, we expect to contribute to the synthesis, design, and application of single-atom electrocatalysts to facilitate better development in electrocatalytic energy conversion.