醇热法合成单晶银纳米线及其表征

以硝酸银为前驱物, 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为结构导向剂, 通过醇热法, 反应温度为140 ℃, 反应时间为24 h的条件下制备了银纳米线. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、热重分析(TG)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和激光拉曼光谱(Raman)等手段对产物进行了系统表征, 结果表明: 所得银纳米线具有面心立方结构, 沿着(111)晶面生长, 具有单晶结构; 考察了反应温度和时间对产物形貌的影响, 结果表明: 反应温度和时间在形成银纳米线的过程中起着关键的作用; 银纳米线具有较强的表面增强拉曼散射效应; 同时提出了银纳米线可能的晶化机理.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanowires with Single Crystal Structure by Alcohol-heating Method

Well-defined silver nanowires were synthesized by an alcohol-heating method using silver nitrate as a predecessor in the presence of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). The effects of reaction time and temperature for growth of crystal were investigated to generate pure silver nanowires in 24 h at 140 ℃. The products were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman). It was shown that the synthesized silver nanowires with a face-centered cubic structure grew along (111) direction to single crystals. Meanwhile, crystallization mechanism of the silver nanowires was considered. The influences of reaction time and temperature on the morphology development were experimentally examined. The results showed that the time and temperature had a significant effect on the formation of the silver nanowires according to strong SERS effect. The possible nanowire growth was also predicted.