星载云–气溶胶激光雷达光机系统结构及研究进展

气溶胶辐射强迫效应主要通过气溶胶与辐射相互作用(aerosol-radiation interaction, ARI)和气溶胶与云相互作用(aerosol-cloud interaction, ACI)两种途径来影响地球辐射收支平衡，联合国气候变化政府间专家委员会(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC)在第五次报告指出，气溶胶与云的相互作用是最主要的不确定性辐射强迫因子之一。在云–气溶胶全球探测领域中，星载云–气溶胶遥感雷达的探测能力与发展方向对研究者们研究全球云–气溶胶分布特点越来越重要。首先对星载云–气溶胶遥感雷达技术的应用现状进行了分析，并针对典型星载云–气溶胶激光雷达（激光雷达空间技术实验LITE、正交偏振云–气溶胶激光雷达CALIPSO、云–气溶胶传输系统CATS、大气激光雷达ATLID）的探测任务、光机系统参数、结构及材料等技术特点进行了详细的分析研究；其次从工作机制、光机系统结构、应用材料和探测能力等方面对各星载云–气溶胶激光雷达系统特点进行了对比，提出星载云–气溶胶激光雷达光机系统结构设计特点与方法；最后分析了当前星载云–气溶胶激光雷达系统技术特点及发展方向，为我国发展星载云–气溶胶激光雷达提供技术方向及发展建议。

Opto-mechanical system structure and research progress of space-borne lidar for cloud-aerosol

The aerosol radiative forcing effect mainly influences the balance of the Earth’s radiation through two pathways, namely aerosol-radiation interaction (ARI) and aerosol-cloud interaction (ACI). However, uncertainty in ACI is one of the most important uncertainties in the Earth’s radiation factor in the IPCC AR5 report. In the field of aerosol-cloud global detection, the detection capability and development direction of space-borne lidar for cloud-aerosol remote sensing plays an very important role to study the global aerosol-cloud distribution characteristics. Therefore, the application status of space-borne lidar for cloud-aerosol remote sensing was analyzed firstly, and the technical characteristics about the detection task, opto-mechanical system parameters, structure and materials of typical space-borne lidar for aerosol-cloud (LITE、CALIPSO、CATS and ATLID) were focused on. Secondly, the characteristics of each space-borne lidar for aerosol-cloud were compared and analyzed from the aspects of working mechanism, opto-mechanical system structure, applied materials and detection capabilities. The design features and methods of opto-mechanical system of space-borne lidar for aerosol-cloud were proposed. Finally, the technical characteristics and development direction of the current space-borne lidar for aerosol-cloud were analyzed. The technical direction and development suggestions for the development of space-borne lidar for cloud-aerosol were proposed in China.