太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的紫外-可见吸收光谱特征分析

以藻蓝蛋白标准品和室内培养的铜绿微囊藻、鱼腥藻为参照，于2011年春、夏、秋三季在太湖采集75个水样，分析太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的紫外-可见吸收光谱特征，及其与标准品、单一藻种光谱特征的区别和联系。结果表明：太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的吸收光谱形态可根据500～700 nm的吸收峰个数划分为无峰型、单峰型和双峰型三类。无峰型光谱在500～700 nm间变化平缓，620 nm附近无藻蓝蛋白的特征吸收峰出现。根据300～450 nm的吸收差异，无峰型可划分为无峰Ⅰ和无峰Ⅱ两个亚类。峰型Ⅰ仅在260 nm附近出现吸收峰，250～800 nm的谱型更接近于有色可溶性有机物(CDOM);峰型Ⅱ在260和330 nm处均有吸收峰出现。单峰型光谱在620 nm的藻蓝蛋白特征吸收峰明显，受藻种差异和提取纯度的影响，其在250～300，300～450和500～700 nm的吸收峰出现位置和峰值比与标准品、单一藻种不同。双峰型光谱在620和670 nm附近各具一个吸收峰，同时在350～450 nm出现吸收肩，兼具藻蓝蛋白和叶绿素复合蛋白的吸收特征。

UV-Vis Spectrum Characteristics of Phycocyanin in Water from Taihu Lake

The present paper analyzed the UV-Vis spectrum characteristics of phycocyanin extracted from 75 water samples around Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake, China in spring, summer and autumn, 2011, taking standard sample of phycocyanin, Microcystic aeruginosa and Anabaena cultured indoor as the reference, and discussed the difference and relation of spectrum among water samples, standard sample and single algae samples. According to the number of absorption peak in the wavelength range from 500 to 700 nm, phycocyanin spectrum of water sampling in Taihu Lake can be divided into three patterns: no peak, single peak and two peaks. In the first pattern, the absorbance changed smoothly and no absorption peak was observed around 620 nm. Depending on the absorption difference in the wavelength range from 300 to 450 nm, this pattern can be divided into type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ. Type Ⅰ only had a absorption peak near 260 nm, with the similar spectrum of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the wavelength range from 250 to 800 nm. Type Ⅱ had absorption peak respectively near 260 and 330 nm. In single peak pattern and two peaks pattern, significant absorption peak of phycocyanin appeared around 620 nm. Compared to the other patterns, single peak pattern was more similar to that of standard sample and single algae samples, but different in their maximum absorption peaks position and relative absorption intensity in the wavelength range of 250~300, 300~450 and 500~700 nm, because of different algae species and purity after extraction . In the two peaks pattern, another absorption peak appeared at 670nm, with the absorption shoulder from 350 to 450 nm, and shared the absorption characteristics of phycocyanin and chlorophyll complex protein. The research can provide a basic support for the phycocyanin quantitation and blooms monitoring in Taihu Lake.