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On the biharmonic and harmonic indices of the Hopf map
Authors:E Loubeau  C Oniciuc
Institution:Département de Mathématiques, Laboratoire C.N.R.S. U.M.R. 6205, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6, Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France ; Faculty of Mathematics, ``Al.I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, no. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
Abstract:Biharmonic maps are the critical points of the bienergy functional and, from this point of view, generalize harmonic maps. We consider the Hopf map $ \psi:\mathbb{S}^3\to \mathbb{S}^2$ and modify it into a nonharmonic biharmonic map $ \phi:\mathbb{S}^3\to \mathbb{S}^3$. We show $ \phi$ to be unstable and estimate its biharmonic index and nullity. Resolving the spectrum of the vertical Laplacian associated to the Hopf map, we recover Urakawa's determination of its harmonic index and nullity.

Keywords:Harmonic and biharmonic maps  Riemannian submersions  stability
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