Effect of electron velocity spread on gyro-peniotron efficiency

The paper describes the influence of the velocity spread of the electrons on the interaction efficiency and on other operational characteristics in the gyro-peniotron oscillator. Numerical simulation shows a drastic efficiency reduction from more than 45% to less than 30% with an electron velocity spread of 10% for a 35GHz, TE₀₃ mode gyro-peniotron operating at the third harmonic. The operation ranges of the device parameters at a defined efficiency level are also decreased when the velocity spread of the electrons increases.