近红外技术在自然纺织纤维品种鉴别及成分预测上的应用

近红外光谱技术由于其检测方便、信息量大、无损等特性受到人们越来越多的关注，并且与化学计量学结合时能在一定程度上抵消其光谱峰重叠、信息弱等缺点。在纺织纤维的品种鉴别及化学性质鉴定方面，国家标准中较为常见的主要有电镜目测法及化学溶解法，但这些方法的测试周期长，测试步骤烦琐，不适宜大批量样本的分析，也不适用于在线检测。文章着重就近红外在自然纤维中的应用进行了综述，包括自然纺织纤维的品种鉴别、纤维内杂质检验以及生产过程中染料的鉴别等。

NIR Analysis of Textile Natural Raw Material

NIR technology has gained more and more attention of researchers because of its advantage of simplicity,quickness and non-destructive property of detection.And combined with chemometrics method,it could remedy some disadvantages such as overlapping of peaks and feebleness of information.Now,NIR has been applied in many fields such as medicine and chemical industry.Textile is an important part in human life.With the development of society,people pay more attention to this field.Using microscope to discriminate textile fibre by man and using solution method to detect content of fibre are two main detection methods in textile national standards.These methods of discrimination demand a lot of training and practical experience.At the same time,many artificial factors in the process may result in different examination results of the same sample.In addition,they are time-consuming(6 hours on average) and not suitable for large quantity of sample detection.Therefore,doubtless finding another more quickly and nondestructive way to complete detection of textile fibre makes great sense.Compared with microscope method and chemical method,NIR technical could decrease test time down to about 30 seconds.Because the structure of natural fibre is more complex than artificial fibre,NIR application in this field is much more difficult and demands more experience.So many researches were done by experts domestically and abroad in this field.The scope of these researches includes differentiation of foreign substance in natural fibre such as wool,cotton,and silk;prediction of natural fibre content such as residual grease content,mean fibre diameter(MFD) and moisture content.The present paper focuses mainly on the application of NIR in the textile industry,especially the analysis of textile natural raw material,including discrimination of natural fibre variety and detection of foreign fibre.