不可还原材料负载的纳米金催化剂:理性设计与优化

近年来,负载型金催化剂被视为多相催化工业化进程中的机遇和挑战,因而广受研究.载体的选取可以有效调控纳米金催化剂的化学结构及催化活性.针对载体本身对反应是否具有活性,可将其分为活性载体与惰性载体.活性载体主要为具有还原性的金属氧化物;而惰性载体,诸如碳基材料、氧化硅、氧化铝等,多为反应条件下不具备还原性或不可进行还原处理...

Development of gold catalysts supported by unreducible materials:Design and promotions

Gold catalysis had been considered a highly efficient candidate for heterogeneous catalysis. It is well established that reducible-material-supported Au NPs are more reactive than the unreducible ma-terials, unless specific modifications are carried out. However, unreducible materials such as carbon materials, silica, and alumina have particular advantages, including the easily controlled surface property, adjustable microscopic structure, earth-abundant reserves, and facile industrial manu-facture. New strategies, influences, and mechanisms of modification to enhance the catalytic per-formance and thermal stability of unreducible-material-supported gold catalysts are among the most attractive research topics in gold catalysis. However, to the best of our knowledge, reports and reviews focused on unreducible-material-supported gold catalysts are lacking. Herein, the above concept will be thoroughly discussed regarding several typical unreducible supports, including the commonly used silica, alumina, carbon materials, and hydroxyapatite. The currently prevailing modification strategies will be summarized in detail from the aspects of theoretical conceptualiza-tion and practical methodology, including the ingenious synthesis method for catalyst with a specif-ic structure, the currently prosperous electrostatic adsorption, colloid immobilization, and the ap-plicative thermal gaseous treatment. The influences of physical and chemical modifications on the surface chemistry, electronic structure, interaction/synergy between Au-support/promoter, cata-lyst morphology and water precipitation will be also summarized. It is assumed that the review will shed light on significant studies on unreducible support in gold catalysis with the purpose of cata-lytic promotion and the promotion of the potential industrial demands in advance. Furthermore, the review will provide new insights into unreducible supports that can be potentially applied in gold catalysis.