反应吸附脱硫中有序介孔Cu-ZnO-l2O3吸附剂提高其饱和硫容

目前汽柴油中的含硫化合物是造成酸雨和PM2.5的重要原因之一.随着污染的日益严重,对汽柴油的深度脱硫受到越来越多的关注.环境保护组织颁布了较为严格的法律措施,规定硫含量低于10 ppm.然而,传统的加氢脱硫工艺(HDS)很难满足在深度HDS的同时辛烷值损失较少.为了减少辛烷值损失,脱硫技术和催化剂应具有较好的选择性.因此,在FCC汽油升级的过程中,减少辛烷值损失的超深度脱硫工艺是重要研究课题之一.目前,一些新型的深度脱硫技术包括吸附脱硫、氧化脱硫和生物脱硫.其中吸附脱硫具有高选择性、低能耗等优点,而反应吸附脱硫则被广泛研究和工业化生产.常见Ni/ZnO吸附剂利用高空速控制辛烷值损失,但频繁的再生过程影响催化剂的稳定性.目前,一种新型的Cu/ZnO吸附脱硫剂用于固定床中,具有较高的脱硫活性、稳定性和高选择性.目前,铜基吸附剂面临着ZnO的饱和硫容、稳定性及活性组分Cu结焦问题.Al2O3作为稳定剂可以提高反应活性和稳定性,其中有序介孔能够提供较大的比表面积、孔径、规整的孔结构和较好的分散活性组分的能力,从而有利于分子之间的扩散.本文利用一步溶剂蒸发自组装法合成了具有有序介孔的Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂.SXRD/WXRD结果,证实合成了具有有序介孔结构的Al2O3,且添加Cu和Zn物种后,其结构并未发生改变,但当Zn的添加量达到25 wt%时,其有序介孔结构发生改变.有序介孔的Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂具有较高的比表面积、孔容及孔径,添加过量的ZnO后,其比表面积明显降低.TEM和AADF-STEM结果发现,所制Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂具有规则的介孔结构,并且Cu,Zn,Al和O分散均匀,与XRD和BET结果一致.热重结果表明,有序介孔Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂具有较好的热稳定性.通过与商业Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂进行对比,有序介孔Cu-ZnO-Al2O3吸附剂具有较高脱硫活性、饱和硫容及稳定性.

Ordered mesoporous Cu-ZnO-Al2O3 adsorbents for reactive adsorption desulfurization with enhanced sulfur saturation capacity

To enhance sulfur adsorption and reactive activity, ordered mesoporous Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ adsorbents were prepared by a novel one-pot evaporation-induced self-assembly strategy using P123 as a structure-directing agent and ethanol as the solvent for reactive adsorption desulfurization. The metal oxide precursor molecules around P123 micellized, and self-assembly simultaneously occurred during evaporation from an ethanol solution at 60 °C, leading to the formation of the p6mm hexagonal symmetry mesoporous structure. Characterization results prove that the Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ adsorbents possess an ordered mesoporous structure with high thermal stability, large surface area (386–226 m²/g), large pore volume (0.60–0.46 cm³/g), and good dispersion of ZnO and Cu, which is beneficial for transforming S-compounds to ZnO. The sulfur saturation capacity of the ordered-mesoporous-structure Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ adsorbents is larger (49.4 mg/g) than that of the unordered mesoporous structure (13.5 mg/g).