Three-dimensional fluid-suppressed T2-prep flow-independent peripheral angiography using balanced SSFP |
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| Authors: | Bangerter Neal K Cukur Tolga Hargreaves Brian A Hu Bob S Brittain Jean H Park Danny Gold Garry E Nishimura Dwight G |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;bDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;cDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;dPalo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA;eGlobal Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI 53188, USA |
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| Abstract: | Accurate depiction of the vessels of the lower leg, foot or hand benefits from suppression of bright MR signal from lipid (such as bone marrow) and long-T1 fluid (such as synovial fluid and edema). Signal independence of blood flow velocities, good arterial/muscle contrast and arterial/venous separation are also desirable. The high SNR, short scan times and flow properties of balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) make it an excellent candidate for flow-independent angiography. In this work, a new magnetization-prepared 3D SSFP sequence for flow-independent peripheral angiography is presented. The technique combines a number of component techniques (phase-sensitive fat detection, inversion recovery, T2-preparation and square-spiral phase-encode ordering) to achieve high-contrast peripheral angiograms at only a modest scan time penalty over simple 3D SSFP. The technique is described in detail, a parameter optimization performed and preliminary results presented achieving high contrast and 1-mm isotropic resolution in a normal foot. |
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| Keywords: | SSFP Peripheral angiography Fluid suppression |
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