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The production and properties of polylactide composites filled with expanded graphite
Authors:Marius Murariu  Anne Laure Dechief  Yoann Paint  Gaëlle Fontaine  Philippe Dubois
Institution:a Center of Innovation and Research in Materials & Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Center, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
b Laboratoire Procédés d'Elaboration des Revêtements Fonctionnels (PERF), LSPES - UMR/CNRS 8008, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev - Bât. C7a, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
Abstract:Composites have been produced by melt-blending biodegradable polylactide (PLA) with commercially available expanded graphite (EG). Using different techniques of addition, the manifold effects of EG on PLA molecular, thermo-mechanical and fire-retardant properties were evaluated. The EG nanofiller provides PLA composites with competitive functional properties. They have a high rigidity, with Young's modulus and storage modulus increasing with EG content. They also have excellent thermal stability while preserving the glass transition and melting temperature of the original PLA matrix. Purification and pre-dispersion of EG nanofiller proved beneficial for preserving PLA molecular weights and led to improved mechanical performance. The presence of dispersed graphene nanolayers in PLA significantly accelerated the polyester crystallization process. The flame retardant properties also displayed improvements with a large decrease in the maximum rate of heat release as recorded by cone calorimetry, whereas the horizontal burning test (UL94 HB) was successfully passed revealing non-dripping and char formation.
Keywords:Poly(lactic acid)  Composites  Expanded graphite  Degradation  Thermal properties  Mechanical properties  Fire retardancy
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