A Small-Molecule Fluorescence Probe for Nuclear ATP |
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Authors: | Dr Umme Tamima Dr Sourav Sarkar Dr Md Reyazul Islam Anushree Shil Dr Kyeong Hwan Kim Dr Ye Jin Reo Dr Yong Woong Jun Hasanul Banna Soobin Lee Prof Kyo Han Ahn |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 37673 (Republic of Korea;2. Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 37673 (Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Fluorescence monitoring of ATP in different organelles is now feasible with a few biosensors developed, which, however, show low sensitivity, limited biocompatibility, and accessibility. Small-molecule ATP probes that alleviate those limitations thus have received much attention recently, leading to a few ATP probes that target several organelles except for the nucleus. We disclose the first small-molecule probe that selectively detects nuclear ATP through reversible binding, with 25-fold fluorescence enhancement at pH 7.4 and excellent selectivity against various biologically relevant species. Using the probe, we observed 2.1–3.3-fold and 3.9–7.8-fold higher nuclear ATP levels in cancerous cell lines and tumor tissues compared with normal cell lines and tissues, respectively, which are explained by the higher nuclear ATP level in the mitosis phase. The probe has great potential for studying nuclear ATP-associated biology. |
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Keywords: | Benzocoumarin Nuclear ATP Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probe Tumor ATP Levels Two-Photon Imaging |
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