轻型陶瓷/金属复合装甲抗垂直侵彻过程中陶瓷碎裂行为研究

为探讨轻型陶瓷复合装甲抗侵彻过程中陶瓷的碎裂行为，采用12.7 mm穿燃弹对不同背板厚度及陶瓷厚度下陶瓷/金属复合装甲进行弹道冲击试验。通过观测回收的靶体陶瓷宏观破坏特征，分析不同厚度组合与陶瓷主要破坏特征之间的关系；并通过对陶瓷碎块的多级筛分称重，分析不同厚度组合下陶瓷面板的碎块尺度分布规律。结果表明，陶瓷锥是陶瓷面板的主要破坏形态，其宏观裂纹主要有:径向裂纹、环向裂纹和锥形裂纹。陶瓷锥内可细分为由高压缩应力引起的粉末状较小陶瓷碎块组成的陶瓷粉碎锥和由应力波造成的较大片状陶瓷碎块组成的陶瓷破碎锥。冲击后陶瓷锥内陶瓷碎片尺度分布满足Rosin-Rammler分布模型，当背板厚度增大时，陶瓷半锥角增大，导致陶瓷锥整体体积增大，破碎区占比亦增大，产生的陶瓷碎块以大粒径碎块为主，陶瓷锥内整体破碎尺度增大。当陶瓷厚度增大时，陶瓷锥半锥角及径向裂纹数量基本不变，陶瓷锥内粉碎区占比增大，整体破碎尺度减小。

Research on ceramic fragmentation behavior of lightweight ceramic/metal composite armor during vertical penetration

In order to investigate the ceramic fragmentation behavior of light ceramic composite armors in the process of anti-penetration, ballistic impact tests of ceramic/metal composite armors with different back cover and ceramic thicknesses using a penetrating projectile of 12.7 mm in diameter was carried out. The target was installed in a recycling bin, and the recovery rate of ceramic fragments was above 95%. By observing the macroscopic failure characteristics of the recovered target ceramics, the relationship between different thickness combinations of the ceramics and the main failure characteristics was analyzed. And through the multi-stage screening and weighing of the ceramic fragments, the size distribution law of the ceramic fragments with different thickness combinations was analyzed. The results show that the fracture cone of the ceramic was the main failure characteristic of the ceramic panel, and the macroscopic cracks mainly include radial cracks, ring cracks and conical cracks. The ceramic cone can be subdivided into a crushing zone composed of small powdered ceramic fragments caused by high compressive stress and a broken zone composed of large ceramic fragments caused by stress waves. The size distribution of the ceramic fragments in the ceramic cone after impact satisfies the Rosin-Rammler distribution model. With the increase of the back plate thickness, the half conical angle of the ceramic cone increases, which leads to increases in the overall volume of the ceramic cone and the proportion of the broken zone. The resulting ceramic fragments are mainly large size fragments, and the overall broken size in the ceramic cone increases. When the ceramic thickness increases, the half conical angle and the number of radial cracks remain basically unchanged, the proportion of the crushing zone in the ceramic cone increases, and the overall crushing size decreases.