Al、Nd对Cr12MoV钢表面镍基熔覆层的组织及性能影响

为了解决Cr₁₂MoV钢溶蚀、表面碎裂等问题，利用Al-Ni、Nd-Ni粉末在Cr₁₂MoV钢上进行激光熔覆实验，研究了Al、Nd对镍基覆层的宏微观形貌、组织及表面性能的影响。结果表明:Al可以减少熔覆层裂纹的产生，同时降低覆层硬度，使熔覆层中产生具有减磨作用的硬质相Al₂O₃等，降低覆层磨损量，14%Al覆层磨损量比2%Al的覆层磨损量低44.5%，Al较优质量分数为14%；Nd的晶粒细化作用明显，显著提升覆层显微硬度，2.5%Nd覆层平均硬度比基体平均硬度高36.8%，Nd较优质量分数为2.5%。

Effect of Al and Nd on microstructure and properties of nickel-based cladding layer on Cr12MoV steel surface

To solve the problems of dissolution and surface fragmentation of Cr₁₂MoV steel, laser cladding experiments were carried out on Cr₁₂MoV steel using Al-Ni and Nd-Ni powders. The effects of Al and Nd on the macro and micro morphology, microstructure and surface properties of nickel base cladding were studied. The results show that Al can reduce the crack generation of cladding layer and reduce the hardness of cladding layer, so that the hard phase Al₂O₃ with anti-wear effect is generated in cladding layer, and the wear amount of cladding layer is reduced. The wear amount of 14% Al cladding layer is 44.5% lower than that of 2% Al cladding layer, and the optimal Al content is 14%. The grain refinement effect of Nd is obvious, and the microhardness of the coating is significantly increased. The average hardness of the coating is 36.8% higher than that of the substrate, and the optimal content of Nd is 2.5%.