激光通信与成像卡塞格林形式收发光学天线结构初解

在激光通信和成像系统中，卡塞格林形式的光学天线不论作为激光信号收发装置还是光学成像装置，像差的存在必然会降低其信号强度和成像质量等性能。通过分析三级像差理论和光学天线微扰理论，依据天线增益因子与遮挡比之间的关系，提出一种方便快捷求解卡塞格林式光学天线结构的方法。此方法在考虑光学天线效率的同时，也可以满足光学系统设计的体积尺寸、像差的要求，在仅知道光学系统焦距、主次镜间距和遮挡比的情况下，可以快捷求出光学天线结构参数。不但给出了四类卡塞格林式光学天线的光学结构参数计算公式，并且结合实际使用对不同的适用场合进行说明及优缺点对比。通过四种典型光学天线的实例计算结果和最优结果比对，表明此方法是一种方便快捷精准求解卡塞格林式的光学天线结构的方法，在工程上具实际指导意义。

Initial structure solution of Cassegrain type transceiver optical antenna for laser communication and imaging

In the laser communication and imaging system, whether the Cassegrain type optical antenna is used as a laser signal transceiver or an optical imaging device, the existence of aberrations will inevitably influence its signal intensity and imaging quality. By analyzing optical antenna of the third-order aberration theory and the perturbation theory, according to the relationship between the antenna gain factor and the occlusion ratio, a convenient and fast method for solving the Cassegrain type optical antenna structure was proposed. This method can not only consider the efficiency of the optical antenna, but also meet the requirements of the volume size and aberration of the optical system design. Especially in the case that only knowing the focal length of the optical system, the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors, the occlusion ratio, the structural parameters of the optical antenna can be calculated quickly. Not only gives the calculation formulas of the optical structure parameters for four types Cassegrain optical antennas, but also explains the advantages and disadvantages in the different application. According to comparing the calculation results of four typical optical antennas with the optimal results, the results show that this method is a convenient, fast and accurate method to solve the Cassegrain type optical antenna structure, and has practical significance in engineering.