基于聚苯乙烯微球的拉曼增强效应及其应用于金单晶表面单层分子的检测

利用在样品表面上组装聚苯乙烯微球, 可以使得表面拉曼信号得到增强. 系统考察了增强效应与微球粒子尺寸的依赖关系, 发现当微球直径为3.00 μm 时, 拉曼信号的增强效应最强, 可以达到约5倍的增强. 进一步利用聚苯乙烯微球的增强效应, 获得了单层吸附在Au(111)表面上具有共振增强效应的异氰基孔雀石绿分子的拉曼信号, 得到约20倍的信号净增强, 相当于约3个数量级的拉曼增强效应, 表明利用这种方法可以显著提高单晶表面吸附分子的检测灵敏度. 这种增强效应主要是由于激光在透明微球的作用下, 在微球底部产生纳米光束流, 从而形成高度局域化的电磁场, 使拉曼散射过程得到极大的增强. 初步探讨了两种类型样品表面获得不同的增强效应的原因.

Enhanced Raman Scattering by Polystyrene Microspheres and Application for Detecting Molecules Adsorbed on Au Single Crystal Surface

By assembling polystyrene microsphores on a sample surface, the surface Raman signal could be enhanced. The dependence of the enhancement effect on the size of microparticles was systematically investigated and it was found that microparticles with a diameter of 3.00 μm showed the highest enhancement of ca 5 folds. By utilizing the enhancement effect of the microspheres, the surface Raman intensity of malachite green isothiocyanate (MGITC) adsorbed on Au(111) surface could be enhanced by 20 folds, indicating that thismethod could effectively improve the detection sensitivity of surface Raman spectroscopy for the adsorbed species on single crystal surface. The later signal increment corresponds to the Raman enhancement effect of nearly 3 orders of magnitude. The enhancement effect is mainly owing to the formation of nanojets when a laser is focused on the microspheres of appropriate diameter. The formation of nanojets will lead to the highly localized electromagnetic field, which will then significantly enhance the Raman process in the nanojets. The main reason for obtaining different enhancements on two types of samples was analyzed.