Ionic liquid/graphene oxide as a nanocomposite for improving the direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic activity of glucose oxidase

By combination of 1-ethyl-3-methyl immidazolium ethyl sulfate as a typical room temperature ionic liquid (IL) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, a nanocomposite was introduced for improving the direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic activity of glucose oxidase (GOx). The enzyme on the IL–GO-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited a quasireversible cyclic voltammogram corresponding to the flavine adenine dinucleotide/FADH₂ redox prosthetic group of GOx. At the scan rate of 100 mV?s^?1, the enzyme showed a peak-to-peak potential separation of 82 mV and the formal potential of ?463 mV (vs Ag/AgCl in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution, pH?7.0). The kinetic parameters of the charge transfer rate constant, the electron transfer coefficient, and the apparent Michaelis–Menten constant were calculated as 1.36 s^?1 and 0.35 and 2.47 μM, respectively. When the modified electrode was examined as a biosensor for glucose determination, a linear range of 2.5–45 nM with detection limit of 0.175 nM (signal to noise?=?3) was obtained. The biosensor was stable for 2 months.