Analysis of chloramphenicol residues in swine tissues and milk: comparative study using different screening and quantitative methods

Both screening and quantitative methods for chloramphenicol residues in swine tissues and milk were compared, using samples from animals treated with chloramphenicol. For screening purposes a previously developed streptavidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a commercially available immunochemical card test were used. For quantitative purposes two previously developed high-performance liquid chromatographic procedures were applied using antibody-mediated clean-up and solid-phase extraction. Some improvements in both methods were also described. The results obtained with the screening tests and those obtained with the quantitative methods correspond well with each other. Using a combination of these methods, an effective control of residues of chloramphenicol can be performed in milk from the 1 microgram/kg level and in swine tissues from the 10 micrograms/kg level.