Emulsification by high frequency ultrasound using piezoelectric transducer: Formation and stability of emulsifier free emulsion |
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Institution: | 1. Université de lorraine, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio), 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France;2. SAS GENIALIS Les Talbots, 18250 Henrichemont, France;3. Institut Européen des Antioxydants (IEA), 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | Emulsifier free emulsion was developed with a new patented technique for food and cosmetic applications. This emulsification process dispersed oil droplets in water without any emulsifier. Emulsions were prepared with different vegetable oil ratios 5%, 10% and 15% (v/v) using high frequency ultrasounds generated by piezoelectric ceramic transducer vibrating at 1.7 MHz. The emulsion was prepared with various emulsification times between 0 and 10 h. Oil droplets size was measured by laser granulometry. The pH variation was monitored; electrophoretic mobility and conductivity variation were measured using Zêtasizer equipment during emulsification process. The results revealed that oil droplets average size decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the first 6 h of emulsification process and that from 160 to 1 μm for emulsions with 5%, 10% and from 400 to 29 μm for emulsion with 15% of initial oil ratio.For all tested oil ratios, pH measurement showed significant decrease and negative electrophoretic mobility showed the accumulation of OH? at oil/water interface leading to droplets stability in the emulsion. The conductivity of emulsions showed a decrease of the ions quantity in solution, which indicated formation of positive charge layer around OH? structure. They constitute a double ionic layer around oil particles providing emulsion stability. This study showed a strong correlation between turbidity measurement and proportion of emulsified oil. |
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Keywords: | Emulsifier free emulsion High frequency ultrasound Particle size pH Electrophoretic mobility Conductivity |
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