The antennal sensilla of adult mayflies: Rhithrogena semicolorata as a case study |
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| Authors: | Manuela Rebora Silvana Piersanti Elda Gaino |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China;3. School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China;1. Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecochemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany;2. Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lentzeallee 55-57, 14195 Berlin, Germany;3. Institute of Biology/Zoology, Free University Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany;1. Department of Ethology and Social Biology of Insects, Schmalhausen-Institute of Zoology, B. Chmielnicki Street 15, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine;2. Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24098 Kiel, Germany;3. Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, Acad. Lebedev Street 37, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine;4. Department of Entomology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;5. Department of Scientific Fundamental Collection, Schmalhausen-Institute of Zoology, B. Chmielnicki Street 15, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine;6. Department of Zoology, Dragomanov Pedagogical University, Pirogov Street 9, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine;7. Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, National Shevchenko-University, Volodymirska Street, 64, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine;1. Department of Zoology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The present paper reports on an ultrastructural investigation of the sensilla on the antennal flagellum of the imago (SEM and TEM) and subimago (SEM) of the mayfly Rhithrogena semicolorata. Sensilla coeloconica of two different sizes, named big and small pegs, are distinguishable in both stages. The big pegs are lobe-shaped with a porous cuticle. The small pegs are more or less conical with a smooth cuticle. TEM seriate sections revealed that the big pegs are innervated by three neurons, which enter the peg. The dendrite sheath opens at the entrance to the peg and leaves the dendrites in contact with the outside through pores and pore tubules. This structure is in agreement with that reported for single-walled olfactory receptors. The small pegs may be innervated by two or four neurons. In both cases, two unbranched dendrites enter the peg and are in close association with the peg wall. These show features typical of hygroreceptors. In the small pegs innervated by four neurons, the other two neurons stop short of entering the peg, and one of them branches. This last could constitute the thermoreceptive unit. The function of the fourth neuron is unknown.The presence of olfactory sensilla in adult mayflies, such as Paleoptera, is relevant to the study of evolutionary trends in insect odour perception. Hygro–thermoreceptors are important in such fragile aquatic insects, which need a moist environment for moulting and reproduction. |
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