Evidence of multi-walled carbon nanotube fragmentation induced by sonication during nanotube encapsulation via bulk-suspension polymerization |
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| Authors: | EA Zaragoza-Contreras ED Lozano-Rodríguez M Román-Aguirre W Antunez-Flores CA Hernández-Escobar Sergio G Flores-Gallardo A Aguilar-Elguezabal |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea;2. Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, South Korea;1. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;3. Department of Pathology, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama;4. Department of Radiology, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama;1. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China;2. Center for Energy Storage and Conversion, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polystyrene composites, with nanotube concentrations of 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16 wt%, was carried out by in situ bulk-suspension polymerization with the assistance of sonication. By using this method both encapsulation and exfoliation of the nanotubes into the polymer host were achieved. Evidence of significant nanotube fragmentation was found by scanning electron microscopy; the cause of such fragmentation was attributed to the induction of strong cavitation due to the application of ultrasound during the synthesis. Infrared spectroscopy showed no evidence of the formation of covalent bonds between the nanotubes and the polystyrene during the process of synthesis. The thermal stability was not improved by the inclusion of the nanotubes, it was attributed to the low nanotube concentrations; however, composites glass transition temperature showed improvements. |
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