Complex networks: Dynamics and security |
| |
Authors: | Ying-Cheng Lai Adilson Motter Takashi Nishikawa Kwangho Park Liang Zhao |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, 85287 Tempe, Arizona, USA;(2) Max-Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, Nothnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany;(3) Department of Mathematics, Southern Methodist University, 75275-0156 Dallas, TX, USA;(4) Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, 85287 Tempe, Arizona, USA;(5) Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| |
Abstract: | This paper presents a perspective in the study of complex networks by focusing on how dynamics may affect network security
under attacks. In particular, we review two related problems: attack-induced cascading breakdown and range-based attacks on
links. A cascade in a network means the failure of a substantial fraction of the entire network in a cascading manner, which
can be induced by the failure of or attacks on only a few nodes. These have been reported for the internet and for the power
grid (e.g., the August 10, 1996 failure of the western United States power grid). We study a mechanism for cascades in complex
networks by constructing a model incorporating the flows of information and physical quantities in the network. Using this
model we can also show that the cascading phenomenon can be understood as a phase transition in terms of the key parameter
characterizing the node capacity. For a parameter value below the phase-transition point, cascading failures can cause the
network to disintegrate almost entirely. We will show how to obtain a theoretical estimate for the phase-transition point.
The second problem is motivated by the fact that most existing works on the security of complex networks consider attacks
on nodes rather than on links. We address attacks on links. Our investigation leads to the finding that many scale-free networks
are more sensitive to attacks on short-range than on long-range links. Considering that the small-world phenomenon in complex
networks has been identified as being due to the presence of long-range links, i.e., links connecting nodes that would otherwise
be separated by a long node-to-node distance, our result, besides its importance concerning network efficiency and security,
has the striking implication that the small-world property of scale-free networks is mainly due to short-range links. |
| |
Keywords: | Scale-free network network security attacks cascading breakdown phase transition |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|