Loss-reduced highly birefringent selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibers

We have theoretically investigated the birefringence and loss properties of the selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibers with the liquid asymmetrically infiltrated into one-line air holes along x-axis. A high birefringence value B = 1.74 × 10⁻³ can be achieved at λ = 1.55 μm. By varying the index of the infiltrating liquid, the birefringence values are shown to be well tuned. In addition, the confinement losses can be efficiently reduced by diminishing the number of liquid holes, which is quite useful for optical devices.