Calcium Carbonate Mineralized Nanoparticles as an Intracellular Transporter of Cytochrome c for Cancer Therapy |
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| Authors: | Ahn Na Koo Kyung Hyun Min Hong Jae Lee Jun Ho Jegal Jae Won Lee Prof. Dr. Sang Cheon Lee |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering &, Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | A new intracellular delivery system based on an apoptotic protein‐loaded calcium carbonate (CaCO3) mineralized nanoparticle (MNP) is described. Apoptosis‐inducing cytochrome c (Cyt c) loaded CaCO3 MNPs (Cyt c MNPs) were prepared by block copolymer mediated in situ CaCO3 mineralization in the presence of Cyt c. The resulting Cyt c MNPs had a vaterite polymorph of CaCO3 with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 360.5 nm and exhibited 60 % efficiency for Cyt c loading. The Cyt c MNPs were stable at physiological pH (pH 7.4) and effectively prohibited the release of Cyt c, whereas, at intracellular endosomal pH (pH 5.0), Cyt c release was facilitated. The MNPs enable the endosomal escape of Cyt c for effective localization of Cyt c in the cytosols of MCF‐7 cells. Flow cytometry showed that the Cyt c MNPs effectively induced apoptosis of MCF‐7 cells. These findings indicate that the CaCO3 MNPs can meet the prerequisites for delivery of cell‐impermeable therapeutic proteins for cancer therapy. |
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| Keywords: | apoptosis calcium drug delivery nanoparticles proteins |
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