硫丹在土壤中的降解特性与污染修复模拟研究

硫丹是具有很高毒性的有机氯农药，历史上我国硫丹产量较大，因此急需硫丹污染场地的修复技术．在实验室条件研究了硫丹在土壤中的降解行为，使用模拟生物堆降解研究了硫丹污染土壤的生物堆修复和化学修复条件．结果表明：在土壤介质中，α-硫丹可部分转化为β-硫丹：硫丹为微生物好氧降解；添加秸秆和绿肥及适当的通气可促进硫丹的降解；添加EM菌或葡萄糖和硝酸铵或复合肥均会抑制硫丹降解．碱性条件有利于硫丹快速降解，因而向污染土壤中添加石灰是一种高效的化学修复方法．

Studies on degradation behavior and simulate remediation to contaminated soil of endosulfan

Endosulfan is a highly toxic organochlorine pesticide. A large number of endosulfan has been produced over the past years in China. Thus the remediation technologies for endosulfan-contaminated sites are urgently needed. The degradation behavior of endosulfan in the soil was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. The conditions of bio-pile and chemical remediation for endosulfan-contaminated soil were studied by using simulated bio-piles. The results indicate that α-endosulfan is partially transformed into β-endosulfan in the soil medium. The microbial degradation of endosulfan is aerobical. The degradation of endosulfan is enhanced by adding straw, green manure, and using proper ventilation, but inhibited by adding EM fungi, glucose, ammonium nitrate, or fertilizer. Alkaline condition is favorable the rapid degradation of endosulfan. Therefore, adding lime to the contaminated soil is a highly effective method of chemical remediation.