稀土催化材料的制备、结构及催化性能

稀土催化材料的研究和发展为La和Ce等高丰度轻稀土元素的高质、高效利用提供了有效的途径.稀土元素具有未充满电子的4f轨道和镧系收缩等特征,作为催化剂的活性组分或载体使用时表现出独特的催化性能.本文从稀土氧化物、稀土复合氧化物、稀土-贵金属催化剂、稀土改性多孔催化材料等稀土催化材料出发,重点介绍和讨论了稀土的添加对催化剂的结构、活性和稳定性等的影响,阐述了稀土与过渡金属及氧化物、稀土与贵金属之间的相互作用,及对催化剂催化性能的影响.并对稀土催化材料的研究和发展提出了思考和展望.

Preparation, structure and catalytic performances of rare earth catalytic materials

The research and development of rare earth catalytic materials will greatly promote the high-efficiency utilization of abundant rare earth elements, such as La and Ce. Rare earth elements have under-filled 4f orbits and lanthanide contraction, resulting in their unique catalytic performances when used as an active component or the carrier of catalysts. This paper reviews the progress in the preparation, structural and catalytic properties of rare earth catalytic materials, containing rare earth oxides, rare earth composite oxides, rare earth-noble metal catalysts and rare earth modified porous materials. The effects of rare earth elements on the structures, activities and stabilities of the concerned catalysts are mainly described. As well as, the interactions between rare earth metals and transition metals or noble metals are also elaborated, which are critical for the performances of the catalysts. Finally, the development thinking for rare earth catalytic materials is put forwarded and outlooked.