X-ray scattering measurements of particle orientation in a sheared polymer/clay dispersion |
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| Authors: | Saswati Pujari Leah Dougherty Christophe Mobuchon Pierre J Carreau Marie-Claude Heuzey Wesley R Burghardt |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;(2) Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;(3) Chemical Engineering Department, Center for Applied Research on Polymers and Composites (CREPEC), Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3C3A7; |
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| Abstract: | We report steady and transient measurements of particle orientation in a clay dispersion subjected to shear flow. An organically
modified clay is dispersed in a Newtonian polymer matrix at a volume fraction of 0.02, using methods previously reported by
Mobuchon et al. (Rheol Acta 46: 1045, 2007). In accord with prior studies, mechanical rheometry shows yield stress-like behavior in steady shear, while time dependent
growth of modulus is observed following flow cessation. Measurements of flow-induced orientation in the flow-gradient plane
of simple shear flow using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) are reported. Both SAXS and WAXS reveal
increasing particle orientation as shear rate is increased. Partial relaxation of nanoparticle orientation upon flow cessation
is well correlated with time-dependent changes in complex modulus. SAXS and WAXS data provide qualitatively similar results;
however, some quantitative differences are attributed to differences in the length scales probed by these techniques. |
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