Laboratory simulations of the transformation of emmer wheat as a result of heating |
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Authors: | Braadbaart F van der Horst J Boon J J van Bergen P F |
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Institution: | (1) FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics Kruislaan, 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands E-mail;(2) Department of Earth Sciences-Geochemistry, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80021, 3058 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Whole grains of emmer wheat were heated in a pre-heated tube oven at temperatures ranging from 130-700°C under controlled
anoxic conditions for maximum 280 min. For each temperature a separate experiment was carried out. Physical properties including
mass loss, thermal lag, external and internal morphology and the vitrinite reflectance, C and N content, and DTMS under CI
(NH3) and EI conditions were used to monitor changes as a function of the temperature. The results show remaining starch and protein
rich material up to 250°C. From 310-400°C a secondary, thermally stable, product is formed and at higher temperatures a strongly
carbon enriched tertiary product.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | heat treatment emmer wheat carbonization DTMS |
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