一种针对无线传感器网络能量洞的节点分布策略

在无线传感器网络中，sink节点周围出现的能量空洞问题直接影响着网络的生存寿命。从延长网络生命周期的角度，对网络部署时距离和节点密度等因素进行了研究，设计了一种节点初始能量不同的能量均衡机制，通过合理地部署节点数量和相对位置，使得整个末端网络总能耗尽可能少；对于多跳过程中的单个节点，提出了一种基于剩余能量与距离的比重的方法，选择适当的转发节点。通过推导仿真，这种节点分布策略能够有效提高末端网络总体效能，对物联网末端网络不间断工作具有良好效果。

A Kind of Node Distribution Strategy for the Energy Hole Problem of WSNs

In wireless sensor networks, the sensors close to the sink tend to exhaust their energy more quickly than others, which is known as an energy hole problem. The network lifetime ends prematurely after an energy hole appears. This paper investigates the lifetime maximization by an optimal network design considering the sensor density and other factors. The techniques focus on network design, assuming that sensors are equipped with different energy levels, i.e. incorporating optimal initial energy allocation into the non-uniform node distribution, besides, the number and the location of nodes in the network is quantified. In order to balance the energy consumption, the single node in a multi-hop wireless sensor network considers both the distance and residual energy information before the process of data transmission. The results of simulation indicate that the strategy effectively balances the energy consumption, and has a better performance in terms of the uninterrupted work in the terminal network of Internet of Things.