Private versus public high schools in Spain: disentangling managerial and programme efficiencies

The purpose of this paper is to compare the efficiency of a set of Spanish public and private high schools using data envelopment analysis (hereafter DEA). In view of the usual difficulties of obtaining reliable budget figures on private schools, we have used a restrictive efficiency notion which focuses on the relation between the academic results obtained by each school and the socio-economic background and academic profile of its pupils. In this study, special emphasis is placed upon decomposing the overall inefficiencies of each school into managerial (due to individual performance) and programme (due to structural differences between management models) components. Our results reveal that although, in general, private schools obtain better academic results than public schools in absolute terms, this is not the consequence of comparatively more effective management but rather of having pupils with a more favourable background for the educational process.