颅脑创伤近红外实时监测技术研究

采用一套专门设计的由微创光纤探头组成的光纤光谱仪生物组织光学参数测试系统,对颅脑创伤的大鼠创伤侧和对照侧进行近红外光谱检测及脑水含量(brain water content:BWC)测定.通过采用Feeney's自由落体撞击法建立大鼠急性局灶性脑挫裂伤模型,以近红外光谱技术和干湿比重法监测伤后脑水肿的变化.实验发现:伤后1 h,伤侧脑组织已发生水肿,伤后24～72 h,伤侧脑水肿达高峰,随后逐渐下降;用脱水剂后,脑水肿情况逐渐好转,随着药物失效,水肿又一次发生.生物组织优化散射系数(Reduced Scat-tering Coefficient:μ's)与Bwc的变化规律一致,有很好的线性相关性,能够较好的反映脑组织水肿程度以及药物脱水效果.证实近红外光谱技术用于颅脑创伤实时监测的可行性,为颅脑创伤的研究提出了一种新技术.

Research on Traumatic Brain Real-Time Monitoring by Near-Infrared Technology

In order to monitoring the development of traumatic brain edema in vivo, a specifically designed optical parameters of tissue testing system wit h a mini-invasion bifurcated optical fiber probe and a fiber spectrometer was used to monitor the reduced scattering coefficient(μ′s) of t he rat traumatic brain while the counterpart parameter, i.e. brain water content (BWC), was also measured. Acute rat regional brain trauma was applied according to Feeney’s apparatus. The changes of brain edema were monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology and by measuring the water content of the brain. Experiment result showed that distinct brain edema in injured areas was found at 6 hours later after trauma, which reached a summit of severity at 24-72 hours later after trauma, then gradually declined. After using the dehydrant, the brain edema situation became better, and then, the edema occurred again whilet he medicamentosus effect of dehydrant was gradually lost. It can be showed that μ′s had similar change profile wit h BWC and the two parameters were well linearly relative to each other. μ′s is a good indicator for monitoring traumatic brain edema and t he medicamentosus effect of dehydrant. As a result near-infrared spectroscopy is a new feasible method of monitoring the development of traumatic brain edema in vivo.