Preparation of ribavirin analogues by copper- and ruthenium-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition

In this study, we described the synthesis of 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazolo-nucleosides from various alkynes with 1′-azido-2′,3′,5′-tri-O-acetylribose using either copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) or ruthenium-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (RuAAC), respectively. Optimized RuAAC conditions were realized with the commercially available Cp^∗RuCl(PPh₃)₂] under microwave heating, which allows a significant acceleration of the reaction times (from 6 h to 5 min). This reaction can work under water-containing system. RuAAC and CuAAC are useful tools for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolyl-nucleosides small libraries.