Single-drop microextraction as a powerful pretreatment tool for capillary electrophoresis: A review |
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Authors: | Zeid A. ALOthman Mohamed Dawod Jihye Kim Doo Soo Chung |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt |
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Abstract: | Single drop microextraction (SDME) is a convenient and powerful preconcentration and sample cleanup method for capillary electrophoresis (CE). In SDME, analytes are typically extracted from a sample donor solution into an acceptor drop hanging at the inlet tip of a capillary. The enriched drop is then introduced to the capillary for CE analysis. Since the volume of the acceptor drop can be as small as a few nanoliters, the consumption of solvents can be minimized and the preconcentration effect is enhanced. In addition, by covering the acceptor phase with an organic layer or by using an organic acceptor phase, inorganic ions such as salts in the sample solution can be blocked from entering the acceptor phase, providing desalting effects. Here, we describe the basic principles and instrumentation for SDME and its coupling with CE. We also review recent developments and applications of SDME-CE. |
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Keywords: | BGE, background electrolyte C4D, capacitively-coupled contactless conductivity detection EOF, electroosmotic flow LIF, laser-induced fluorescence LLE, liquid&ndash liquid extraction LPME, liquid phase microextraction LVSS, large volume sample stacking LVSEP, large volume stacking using an electroosmotic flow pump SDME, single drop microextraction SPE, solid phase extraction SPME, solid phase microextraction |
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