Multianalytical Study of Patina Formed on Archaeological Metal Objects from Bliesbruck-Reinheim |
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Authors: | Michael Wadsak Ina Constantinides Guido Vittiglio Annemie Adriaens Koen Janssens Manfred Schreiner Freddy C Adams Philippe Brunella Michel Wuttmann |
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Institution: | Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/151, A‐1060 Vienna, Austria, AT Micro and Trace Analysis Center (MiTAC), Dept. of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium, BE Centre Archéologique Départemental, Bliesbruck, France, FR Institut Fran?ais d’Archéologie Orientale, Rue el-Cheikh Ali Youssef 37, B.P. Qasr al-A?ny 11562 Cairo, Egypt, EG
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Abstract: | Patinas naturally formed on archaeological bronze alloys were characterized using light microscopy (LM), micro energy dispersive
X-ray fluorescence analysis (μ-EDXRF), time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and scanning electron microscopy
in combination with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDX). The examinations carried out on cross-sections of samples
have shown that in all samples the copper content in the corrosion layer is lower than in the bulk, while an increase of tin
and lead could be observed. Two different types of corrosion were found: first type, a corrosion formation leading to a three
layer structure was observed on lead bronze. The outer layer consists mainly of Cu(II) compounds and soil material, followed
by a fragmented layer of cuprous oxide and the surface layer of the alloy, where a depletion of copper and an enrichment of
tin and high amounts of Cl could be detected. The second type of corrosion is characterized by a two layer structure on the
tin bronze sample consisting of an outer layer with copper containing corrosion products and a layer with cracks, which reveals
a depletion of copper whereas tin and lead are enriched. Also high amounts of Si were detected in this surface layer. |
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Keywords: | : Archaeometry microanalysis copper alloys corrosion |
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