Attainable superheating of solutions of cryogenic liquids |
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Authors: | V G Baidakov |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Amudsena 106, Yekaterinburg, 620016, Russia |
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Abstract: | The kinetics of spontaneous boiling-up of superheated binary solutions of cryogenic liquids is studied. Within the framework
of the Kramers-Zeldovich method, an expression is obtained for the steady state rate of homogeneous nucleation in a solution
that takes into account free-molecular and diffusion regimes of the substance supply to a growing bubble. Viscous and inertial
forces are also taken into account in the study of the nucleus growth dynamics. The work of critical nucleus formation is
determined within the framework of the Gibbs and van der Waals capillarity theories. The dependence of the surface tension
of critical bubbles in the solution on their size is investigated.
The temperature of attainable superheating and nucleation rates in superheated solutions of cryogenic liquids with complete
or partial solubility of the components are determined by a method of lifetime measurement. The experiments were conducted
in a wide range of pressures and solution concentrations. The measurement results are compared with the theory of homogeneous
nucleation taking or not taking into account the size effect in nucleation. It has been found that, by taking into account
the size dependence of the surface tension of a nucleus, better agreement between the theory and experiment is obtained. The
boundary of essential instability of the solution, that is, the diffusion spinodal, is computed. |
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