导电聚苯胺纳米纤维的快速制备及其导电性研究

以盐酸为掺杂剂，在苯胺单体氧化合成导电聚苯胺的聚合反应过程中，通过加入N-苯基对苯二胺，可以显著加快聚苯胺的合成反应速度，并提高聚苯胺的产率.经电子显微镜观察发现，生成的聚苯胺呈现出明显的纳米纤维形貌特征，直径约50 nm，长度可达微米.实验表明:聚苯胺的产率和电导率都是随着HCl浓度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势，浓度1 mol/L的盐酸掺杂下合成的聚苯胺的电导率最大；在苯胺和酸浓度固定时，改变氧化剂过硫酸铵的量也会影响聚苯胺纳米纤维的产率和电导率，n(苯胺)∶n(过硫酸铵)=1∶1时，生成物聚苯胺的电导率最大.

The Fast Synthesis of Polyaniline Nanofiber and the Research on Its Conductivity

With the hydrochloric acid as the doping agent, the synthesis process of polyaniline （Pani） can be remarkably accelerated and the yield of Pani can be increased by introducing N-phenyl para-phenylene diamine into the polymerizaiton. Electron scanning microscopy reveals the Pani appears as nanofibers, with a length of 1 μm and a diameter of 50 nm. The experiment also shows the conductivity of the Pani rises first and then drops with the increase of HC1 concentration, and reaches its top when concentration of HC1 is 1 mol/L. The experiment shows that the amount of the oxidant also zffects conductivity of Pani, when the molar ratio of aniline and the oxidant reach 1： 1, the product exhibits the best conductivity.