Large parity violating effects in atomic dysprosium with nearly degenerate Floquet eigenvalues |
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Authors: | T Gasenzer O Nachtmann |
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Institution: | Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universit?t Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, DE
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Abstract: | In this article we study effects of parity nonconservation in atomic dysprosium, where one has a pair of nearly degenerate
levels of opposite parity. We consider the time evolution of this two-level system within oscillatory electric and magnetic
fields. These are chosen to have a periodical structure with the same period, such that a Floquet matrix describes the time
evolution of the quantum states. We show that, if the states are unstable, the eigenvalues of the Floquet matrix may have
contributions proportional to the square root of the parity violating interaction matrix element while they are almost degenerate in their parity even part. This leads to beat frequencies proportional to which are expected to be larger by several orders of magnitude compared to ordinary P-violating contributions which are of
order . However, for the simple field configurations we considered, it still seems to be difficult to observe these P-violating
beat effects, since the states decay too fast. On the other hand, we found that, within only a few Floquet cycles, very large
parity violating asymmetries with respect to experimental setups of opposite chirality may be obtained. The electric and magnetic
fields as well as the time intervals necessary for this are in an experimentally accessible range. For statistically significant
effects beyond one standard deviation a number of about 107 atoms is required. Our ideas may be applied directly to other 2-level atomic systems and different field configurations.
We hope that these ideas will stimulate experimental work in this direction.
Received 16 September 1999 and Received in final form 10 March 2000 |
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Keywords: | PACS 11 30 Er Charge conjugation parity time reversal and other discrete symmetries - 31 70 Hq Time-dependent phenomena: excitation and relaxation processes and reaction rates - 32 80 Ys Weak-interaction effects in atoms |
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