浅谈色觉的数学机制

正常人眼拥有色觉功能,其目的是为了辨识不同的光辐射能谱分布。色觉的生理基础是:在视网膜上具有三类视锥细胞,它们将光信号转换成为使大脑便于分析和处理的神经电信号。由于单个视锥细胞产生的神经电信号只反映光辐射的强度信息,所以光辐射的谱信息(波长分布)须由三类视锥细胞的响应比来反映。以光辐射中的单色辐射及线性连续辐射为辨识对象,构造了光辐射辨识的数学模型。基于该模型,对用三类视锥细胞的响应比来表征光辐射的谱信息这一命题的必要性与完备性进行了理论论证。

Elementary investigation of mathematical mechanism of color vision

For color vision, the task of the eye is to discriminate different distributions of energy of the spectrum. The physiological basis of color vision is that there are three types of cone photoreceptors in the retina. The cone photoreceptors convert light (photons) into electro-chemical signals, which are processed by neural circuits in the retina and transmitted to the brain. What humankind is able to perceive is limited initially by the nature and arrangement of the photoreceptors. Individual cones signal is only the rate at which they absorb photons, without regard to photon wavelengths. Thus, single photoreceptors transmit do not information about the wavelengths of the photons that they absorb. The ability to perceive color depends upon comparisons of the outputs of the three cone types, each with different spectral sensitivity. The relationship between comparisons of the outputs of the cone types and the distributions of energy of the spectrum are discussed. In order to discriminate between monochromatic lights and continuous spectrum, to conclude the three cone types is necessary.